PV Panel Rated Power (Watts) PV Panel Area (m²) Module Efficiency (%) Solar Irradiance (kWh/m²/day) Calculate Reset Estimated Daily Energy Output (kWh) Copy A PV Panel Energy Output Calculator is a simple yet powerful online tool designed to estimate how much electric energy (in kWh per day) your solar panels can generate based on a … Read more
Initial Intensity (I₁): Initial Distance (d₁): Final Intensity (I₂): Final Distance (d₂): Calculate Reset Final Intensity (I₂): Copy Final Distance (d₂): Copy Intensity Ratio (I₁/I₂): Copy Distance Ratio (d₂/d₁): Copy About Inverse Square Law Formula: I₁/I₂ = (d₂/d₁)² The inverse square law states that the intensity of radiation is inversely proportional to the square of … Read more
Density Calculator What do you want to calculate? Calculate Density (ρ = m/V)Calculate Mass (m = ρ × V)Calculate Volume (V = m/ρ) Mass (m): kggmglbozton Volume (V): m³cm³mm³LmLft³in³gal Density (ρ): kg/m³g/cm³g/mLlb/ft³kg/L Volume (V): m³cm³mm³LmLft³in³gal Mass (m): kggmglbozton Density (ρ): kg/m³g/cm³g/mLlb/ft³kg/L Common Material Densities: Water (1.0) Steel (7.87) Aluminum (2.7) Gold (19.32) Lead (11.34) Densities … Read more
A pendulum is a simple but powerful tool in physics that demonstrates the laws of motion and gravity. It swings back and forth under the influence of gravity, and the time it takes to complete one swing (called the period) depends on its length. The Pendulum Length Calculator is an online tool that allows you … Read more
Diameter: mm Pitch: mm Height: mm Calculate Reset Helix Length: mm Copy Helical shapes are found in many real-world applications — from springs and coils to threads, spiral staircases, and even DNA. Measuring their length accurately is crucial in engineering, architecture, and manufacturing. The Helix Length Calculator is a simple yet powerful tool that lets … Read more
Proper Length (L₀): m Velocity (v): m/s Calculate Reset Contracted Length (L): m Lorentz Factor (γ): Velocity as fraction of c (v/c): Copy Results In special relativity, objects moving at high velocities experience length contraction, where the observed length in the direction of motion is shorter than the proper length. Understanding this phenomenon is crucial … Read more
Wing Area Calculator Wing Type: Rectangular WingTrapezoidal WingTriangular WingElliptical WingSwept WingDelta Wing Wingspan (b): Chord Length (c): Wingspan (b): Root Chord (c₁): Tip Chord (c₂): Wingspan (b): Root Chord (c): Wingspan (b): Mean Chord (c̄): Wingspan (b): Root Chord (c₁): Tip Chord (c₂): Sweep Angle (°): Wingspan (b): Root Chord (c): Calculate Reset Wing Area … Read more
Aperture Type CircularRectangularSquareEllipticalHexagonalTriangular Diameter mmcminchesfeetmeters Length mmcminchesfeetmeters Width mmcminchesfeetmeters Side Length mmcminchesfeetmeters Major Axis mmcminchesfeetmeters Minor Axis mmcminchesfeetmeters Height mmcminchesfeetmeters F-Number (optional) Focal Length (optional) mmcminches Calculate Reset Aperture Area mm² Copy Aperture Area (cm²) cm² Copy Aperture Area (sq inches) in² Copy Perimeter mm Copy Effective Diameter mm Copy Light Gathering Power relative Copy … Read more
RPM to Flow Rate Calculator Pump Type: Centrifugal PumpPositive Displacement PumpGear PumpPeristaltic PumpDiaphragm PumpScrew PumpPiston PumpVane PumpLobe PumpCustom Pump Pump Speed (RPM): Pump Displacement/Capacity: mL/revcc/revL/revgal/revfl oz/revin³/revft³/rev Pump Efficiency (%): Impeller Diameter (for centrifugal pumps): inchesmillimeterscentimetersfeetmeters Fluid Type: WaterOilGasolineDieselHydraulic FluidCoolant/GlycolChemical SolutionMilk/DairyHoney/SyrupCustom Fluid Custom Fluid Viscosity: cP (Centipoise)cSt (Centistokes)Pa·s Operating Temperature: °C°FK System Pressure: PSIBarkPaMPaatm Desired Output … Read more
Well Water Flow Rate Calculator Well Type: Drilled WellDug WellDriven WellArtesian WellBorehole Well Diameter: inchesfeetmillimeterscentimetersmeters Well Depth: feetmeters Static Water Level: feetmeters Drawdown Level: feetmeters Pumping Rate: GPM (Gallons per Minute)GPH (Gallons per Hour)LPM (Liters per Minute)LPS (Liters per Second)m³/h (Cubic Meters per Hour) Aquifer Type: Confined AquiferUnconfined AquiferSemi-Confined AquiferPerched Aquifer Soil/Rock Type: SandGravelSand & … Read more